Ive been shooting this kind of stuff for a few years, and by no means would I call myself an expert.
As others have said- there are many levels of difficulty, and the gear can get pretty intense, same goes for the processing. Simple rule of thumb: The higher the magnification- the harder ( and more expensive ) it gets.
I've attached a few images below:
The first image is the simplest set up, a 30sec image shot from a tripod:
Nikon D4, Nikkor 8mm/2.8AIS @ f4 ISO 1600. The stars are sharp since the sky moves 1/8 of a degree during the exposure, but with this lens each pixel's FOV is .23 degrees, so the star trail length is less than a pixel for this lens/exposure combination.
In the frame you can see my wide-field CCD rig set up at a dark-sky site.
There are two telescopes on the payload side of the mount, a 500mm f5 refractor is the primary imaging scope, and behind it is a smaller 355mm f5.6 guide scope. The boxy looking thing at the back of the main scope is the CCD camera.
There's also a smaller camera attached to the guide scope that allows the laptop to adjust the mount's tracking and keep the primary locked to it's target.
The second image, a 30min Hydrogen Alpha exposure of the Swan nebula, was shot with this set up. The CCD chip is cooled to minimize thermal noise, and the total exposure is made up of 6 5min sub exposures that are individually calibrated then combined to form the final the frame.
The color image of the Orion nebula: 80min of total exposure, was shot on film ( Ektachrome 200 ) using the same imaging scope, but a smaller mount. 3 hand guided subs were combined: 36, 24 and 4 minute exposures.
After a few seasons sitting in the cold next to the rig, hand guiding for hours- I eventually upgraded the mount to an auto-guider system.
HTH,
-m