AlanS and Wallpaperviking are correct. focal length is focal length, regardless of format. So to break it down, a 45mm lens on apsc is the same 45mm as on a 4x5 camera. the difference is the each 45mm is designed with the particular sensor/film size in mind. As you jump between formats using adapters, you aren't changing focal length you are changing the size of the projection each 45mm can render. If you were to grab a 45mm FF lens, you would notice the angle of view should look the same, but as it was designed for a format smaller than mini medium format, you might see the edges of the image circle, or vignetting, as the designer didn't plan on you using it on a larger film/sensor space than 35mm. This is somewhat subjective as some lens makers do use larger image circles for a given format depending on what they are trying to achieve, so a canon 45mm might have a slightly smaller image circle than say a nikon or sigma 45mm even though they are all covering 35mm format...
In your case, you picked a much larger projection lens in 45mm, so now if you have the right equipment, you would have the ability to shift that lens similar to a view camera.
If you want to get something closer to what the Pentax 67 45mm renders natively there are lens adapters that have focal reducing lens elements in them. You'll get something closer to the 23mm field of view, but at the likely expense of reduced image quality.